Herpes zosterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingles
Ko te Herpes zoster he mate horapa e tohuhia ana e te pawera kiri mamae me te opupu ki tetahi rohe. I te nuinga o te wa ka puta te ponana ki te karaehe kotahi, whanui i te taha maui, taha matau ranei o te tinana, kanohi ranei. E rua ki te wha nga ra i mua i te puta mai o te ponana ka pa mai te mamae o te rohe. Engari, kāore te ponana, ka taea e ētahi tangata te whai huka, māhunga, me te ngenge. I te nuinga o te wa ka ora te ponana i roto i te rua ki te wha wiki; engari, ka whanake haere tonu etahi o nga tangata i te mamae o te nerve ka roa mo nga marama, tau ranei, he mate e kiia nei ko te postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). I roto i te hunga he ngoikore te mahi aukati ka puta nui te ponana. Mena ka uru te karu ki te kanohi, ka ngaro pea te tirohanga. E kiia ana ko te hautoru o nga tangata ka mamae herpes zoster i etahi wa o to ratau oranga. Ahakoa he nui noa atu te herpes zoster i waenga i nga taangata pakeke, ka pa ano pea nga tamariki ki te mate.

Ko te mate heihei, e kiia ana ko te varicella, ka puta mai i te mate tuatahi o te huaketo, te nuinga ka puta i te wa o te tamarikitanga, o te taiohi ranei. Kia ora te mate heihei, ka noho hohekore te wheori (moe) i roto i nga pūtau nerve tangata mo nga tau, tekau tau ranei, katahi ka whakahohe ano. Ka puta te herpes zoster ina whakahohea ano te huaketo varicella moe. Na ka haere te huaketo ma te taha o nga tinana nerve ki nga pito nerve i roto i te kiri, ka puta he pupuhi. I te pakarutanga o te herpes zoster, ko te rongo ki te huaketo varicella i kitea i roto i te herpes zoster opupu ka pa mai te mate heihei ki te tangata kaore ano kia mate heihei.

Ko nga mea morearea mo te whakaohooho ano i te huaketo moe ko te koroheketanga, te ngoikore o te mahi aukati, me te pangia o te heihei i mua i te 18 marama. Ko te huaketo Varicella‑zoster ehara i te rite ki te huaketo herpes simplex, ahakoa no te whanau kotahi o te herpesviruses.

Ko nga kano kano herpes zoster ka whakaiti i te tupono o te herpes zoster ma te 50 % ki te 90 %. Ka whakaheke hoki te reiti o te neuralgia postherpetic, ā, mēnā ka puta te herpes zoster, ka iti ake tōna taumaha. Mena ka puta te herpes zoster, ka taea e nga rongoa patu huaketo penei i te aciclovir te whakaiti i te kaha me te roa o te mate mena ka timata i roto i te 72 haora i muri i te puta mai o te ponana.

Maimoatanga
Mena kei te horapa tere nga whiu, tirohia to taakuta mo te maimoatanga antiviral.
Ko nga raau taero antiviral me nga rongoa neuralgia e hiahiatia ana. Me okioki koe ka mutu te inu waipiro.
#Acyclovir
#Famciclovir (Famciclovir)
#Valacyclovir

#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin
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  • Herpes zoster he mate kōkiri e whakaatu ana i te pāwera uaua o te kiri me ngā pākihiwi i te wāhi kotahi.
  • Shingles ― Ra 5; Mena ka timatahia te maimoatanga, ka mutu nga tohu o te mate i te rima ra i muri mai.
  • I roto i ngā kīrehi o te herpes zoster whānui, ki te whakaroa te rongoā ā-ārai (antiviral medication), ka mamae pea te turoro i te opupu mamae mō te wā roa.
  • Ka puta pea nga marumaru mai i te herpes zoster, ka roa te wā, ahakoa ka ngaro te rāhiri (rash) i roto i te tinana.
  • Ka puta te ra e hei mate kōkiri, he rārangi whānui kotahi i te taha mauī, ki te taha mauī rānei o te tinana, ki te kanohi. Mēnā ka pā te ra e ki te wāhi huri noa i te ihu, ka taea te ngaro o te tiro.
  • Ko tēnei kīwhiti e whakaatu ana i te tohatoha kiri o te herpes zoster (shingles).
  • Kohu ― Rā 1
  • Kohu (shingles) ― Rā 2
  • Shingles Day6 ― Ka noho tonu te kirinuku me te marumaru mō te neke atu i te kotahi marama, ahakoa kāore te whakawhāiti e anga whakamua.
  • I te wā mutunga o te herpes zoster, ka roa pea te kirikiri (crusting) me te erythema mō te neke atu i te kotahi marama.
  • Ka taea e ngā maaka te waiho i ngā whiu ahakoa i muri i te horapa o te virusi.
  • Kohu (herpes zoster); whiu
References Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia: Prevention and Management 29431387
Ko nga kohu, na te whakaohooho ano o te huaketo varicella zoster te take mo te mate heihei, ka pa ki te 1 miriona tāngata ia tau i te United States, me te 30%. Ko te hunga e ngoikore ana nga punaha aukati ka kaha ake ki te whakawhanake i te kohu (shingles), me nga tohu ka tiimata mai i te ngoikoretanga, te mamae o te upoko, me te kirika ngawari, ka whai i nga ahuatanga rereke o te kiri i etahi ra i mua i te puta mai o te pupuhi. Ko tenei ponana, i te nuinga o te wa ka puta ki tetahi waahi motuhake o te tinana, ka ahu whakamua mai i nga pupuhi marama ki nga tuwhenua kirikiri i roto i te wiki ki te tekau nga ra. He mea tino nui te maimoatanga tere me nga rongoa patu huaketo (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) i roto i te 72 haora i muri i te tiimatanga. Ko te postherpetic neuralgia, he raruraru noa e tohuhia ana e te mamae roa i te waahi kua pa, ka pa ki te kotahi i roto i te rima nga turoro me te whakahaere tonu me nga rongoa penei i te gabapentin, pregabalin, etahi antidepressants ranei, me nga raau taero penei i te lidocaine me te capsaicin. Ko te werohanga ki te huaketo varicella zoster e taunakitia ana mo nga pakeke 50 tau ki runga ake hei whakaiti i te tupono o te mate kohu (shingles).
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
 Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of herpes zoster: A comprehensive review 29516900
Herpes zoster ka kaha ake te pa ki nga tangata 50 me te pakeke ake, ki te hunga he ngoikore te punaha ārai (immune system), me te hunga e tango ana i nga rongoā aukati (immunosuppressant medications). Na te whakaohooho ano o te huaketo varicella‑zoster (varicella‑zoster virus), te huaketo ano e puta ai te mate heihei. Ko nga tohu penei i te huka (fever), te mamae, me te patito ka puta i mua i te ahua o te ponana. Ko te tino raruraru ko te neuralgia post‑herpetic (post‑herpetic neuralgia), he mamae tonu o te nerve i muri i te whakakorenga o te ponana. He rereke nga ahuatanga tau (age) me nga raruraru e pā ana ki te herpes zoster i runga i te pakeke, te hauora ārai (immune health), me te wā i timata ai te maimoatanga. Ko te tūtohu (vaccination) mo nga tāngata 60 me runga ake kua whakaatuhia he tino whakaiti i te puta o te herpes zoster me te neuralgia post‑herpetic. Ko te tiimata i nga rongoā patu huaketo (antiviral medications) me nga rongoā mamae i roto i te 72 haora i te tiimata o te pupuhi ka iti ake te kaha me nga raru o te herpes zoster me te neuralgia post‑herpetic.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
 Prevention of Herpes Zoster: A Focus on the Effectiveness and Safety of Herpes Zoster Vaccines 36560671 
NIH
Ko nga whakamatautau haumanu i mua i te whakaaetanga e tohu ana ko te kāri ārai zoster ora (live zoster vaccine) e mahi ana i te 50 ki te 70%, engari he pai ake te mahi a te kāri ārai recombinant (recombinant zoster vaccine), mai i te 90 ki te 97%. I roto i nga rangahau o te ao, kei te tautoko rātou i nga kitenga o nga whakamatautau, e whakaatu ana ko te kāri ārai zoster ora (live zoster vaccine) kei te 46% te whai hua, ko te kāri ārai recombinant (recombinant zoster vaccine) kei te 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.